NEWS--Researchers have reconstructed atmospheric carbon dioxide levels over the past 2.1 million years in the sharpest detail yet, shedding new light on its role in the earth's cycles of cooling and warming. A first-ever analysis and comparison of the carbon footprints of different countries using a single, trade-linked model has been created by researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and the Centre of International Climate and Environment Research - Oslo (CICERO). ScienceDaily (June 22, 2009) — Some of the substances that are helping to avert the destruction of the ozone layer could increasingly contribute to climate warming, according to scientists from NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory and their colleagues in a new study in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Oceanography

Oceanography, one of the important four branches of Earth Science, is the study of the oceans. Oceanography is also called Oceanology or Marine Science. A marine science course description usually incorporates elements of multiple science disciplines like marine biology, marine chemistry, environmental toxicology, marine biogeography, pharamacology, marine geosciences, limnology, marine geology, ichthyology, geobiology, marine ecology, coastal ecology, estuarine ecology, climatology, marine botany, ocean currents, waves, plate tectonics, marine ecosystems and geophysical fluid dynamics. A career study of oceanography integrates all aspects of the marine environment including physical, chemical, geological and biological processes. Oceanographers further blend physics, chemistry, biology, geography, geology and meteorology to understand the

properties and processes within the ocean and across it. Additionally, oceanographers attempt to gauge human impact on marine environment and optimize use of the ocean reserves and marine resources. Oceanography is also used in Ocean Engineering to help use the ocean safely. This section features oceanography articles, topics and news covering marine science current events.

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NEWS--Researchers have reconstructed atmospheric carbon dioxide levels over the past 2.1 million years in the sharpest detail yet, shedding new light on its role in the earth's cycles of cooling and warming. A first-ever analysis and comparison of the carbon footprints of different countries using a single, trade-linked model has been created by researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and the Centre of International Climate and Environment Research - Oslo (CICERO). ScienceDaily (June 22, 2009) — Some of the substances that are helping to avert the destruction of the ozone layer could increasingly contribute to climate warming, according to scientists from NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory and their colleagues in a new study in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.